1 See Act of October 31, 1988, Pub. L. 100-568, 1988 U.S.C.C.A.N. (102 Stat.) 2853, 2857. Copyright notice is still required on copies and phonorecords of works publicly distributed prior to March 1, 1989, the effective date of the Act.

2 17 U.S.C. § 401(a) (1988) (emphasis added). The copyright owner of a sound recording may also place a notice of copyright on publicly distributed phonorecords of the sound recording. 17 U.S.C. § 402(b) (1988).

3 See 17 U.S.C. §§ 401(b), 402(b) (1988).

4 See 17 U.S.C. § 407 (1988).

5 See 17 U.S.C. § 407(c) (1988); see also 37 C.F.R. § 202.19(e) (1994).

6 See 17 U.S.C. § 407(d) (1988).

7 17 U.S.C. § 408(a) (Supp. V 1993).

8 17 U.S.C. § 411(a) (Supp. V 1993). Registration is required before a suit for infringement may be brought for works of U.S. origin and for foreign works from countries which are not members of the Berne Convention.

9 See 17 U.S.C. § 408 (a), (b) (1988 & Supp. V 1993). Only one copy of the work is required for certain types of works, including unpublished works.

10 17 U.S.C. § 408(b) (1988).

11 17 U.S.C. § 410(c) (1988); Bibbero Systems, Inc. v. Colwell Systems, Inc., 893 F.2d 1104, 1106 (9th Cir. 1990). The weight to be accorded a certificate when registration has been made more than five years from the date of first publication is within the discretion of the court. 17 U.S.C. § 410(c) (1988).

12 See 17 U.S.C. § 412 (1988 & Supp. V 1993).

13 The Berne Convention prohibits member states from conditioning copyright protection for works of Berne nationals on the compliance with formalities. See Article 5 of the Berne Convention infra note 439.

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